In aerobatics, Pugachev's Cobra (or Pugachev Cobra) is a dramatic and demanding maneuver in which an airplane flying at a moderate speed suddenly raises the nose momentarily to the vertical position and slightly beyond, before dropping it back to normal flight. It relies on powerful engine thrust to maintain approximately constant altitude through the entire move.[1] Some have speculated that the maneuver may have use in close range combat, although no record has yet been discovered of it being used as such.[citation needed] Before Comment , please connect your tongue to your brain.🤣🤣
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It is an impressive maneuver to demonstrate an aircraft's pitch control authority, high angle of attack (AOA) stability and engine-versus-inlet compatibility, as well as the pilot's skill. The maneuver is named after the Soviet test pilot Viktor Pugachev, who performed it in 1989 at the Le Bourget Paris air show. But Igor Volk was the first Soviet pilot who tested[when?] aircraft behavior at high super-critical angles of attack (around 90°) and performed aerobatics such as the "cobra" maneuver.[ However, decades prior to this, Swedish pilots in the Saab J35 Draken performed a visually similar maneuver as a training routine while learning how to best recover from a so-called "super stall", which had plagued the early years of that aircraft, the name of the Swedish name for the maneuver was ”kort parad”.
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In a properly performed Pugachev's Cobra, the plane maintains almost straight flight throughout the maneuver. The plane does not roll or yaw in either direction. Proper entry speed is significant because, if entering at too low a speed, the pilot might not be able to accomplish the maneuver. Entering at too high a speed might result in airframe damage due to the high g-force or the pilot losing consciousness.[citation needed]
While Pugachev's Cobra can be executed using only standard aerodynamic controls, it could be achieved more easily with modern thrust vectoring such as the case of F-22 Raptor which utilizes 2D thrust vectoring. In the either case it is an example of supermaneuverability, specifically poststall maneuvering. The Herbst maneuver and the helicopter maneuver are examples of similar post-stall maneuvers that are often carried out by 4.5th Generation and 5th Generation fighter aircraft, often employing thrust vectoring.
Potential use in combat
It has been speculated[by whom?] that the maneuver could theoretically be useful when a combatant is being pursued closely by an opponent at a somewhat higher altitude. By executing the Cobra, a sufficiently closely pursued aircraft may suddenly slow itself to the point that the pursuer may overshoot it, allowing the previously pursued aircraft to complete the Cobra behind the other. This may give the now-pursuing aircraft an opportunity for firing its weapons, particularly if a proper pointing aspect (facing toward the former pursuer) can be maintained. Maintenance of the proper aspect can be facilitated when the aircraft employs thrust vectoring and/or canard control surfaces.
The disadvantage of performing this maneuver is that it leaves the airplane in a low speed/low energy state, which can leave it vulnerable to attack from opposing aircraft. It can also be countered by maneuvers such as high yo-yo.[citation needed]
The maneuver is also potentially a defense against radar, as the sudden change in velocity can often cause Doppler radars to lose their lock on the target. Doppler radars often ignore any objects with a near zero velocity to reduce ground clutter. The cobra maneuver's sudden change to near zero velocity often results in the target being momentarily filtered off as ground clutter, making it difficult for the radar to lock onto the target, or breaking the target lock if already established. None of these tactics have been demonstrated to actually work in testing however.
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