Borderline Personality Disorder:
In the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM), we see nine symptom criteria for borderline personality disorder and five have to be met for a diagnosis. The symptom criteria include frantic efforts to avoid abandonment, unstable relationships, identity disturbance, impulsivity in two areas that are potentially self-damaging, suicidal behavior, affective instability, chronic feelings of emptiness, inappropriate or intense anger or difficulty controlling anger, and paranoid ideation or dissociation. Borderline personality disorder is a Cluster B personality disorder, so it’s in the same cluster is antisocial, narcissistic, and histrionic personality disorders.
Skodol, A. E., & Bender, D. S. (2003). Why are women diagnosed borderline more than men? Psychiatric Quarterly, 74(4), 349–360.
Benson, K. T., Donnellan, M. B., & Morey, L. C. (2017). Gender-related differential item functioning in DSM-IV/DSM-5-III (alternative model) diagnostic criteria for borderline personality disorder. Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 8(1), 87–93.
Gawda, B. bgawda@wp. p., & Czubak, K. (2017). Prevalence of Personality Disorders in a General Population Among Men and Women. Psychological Reports, 120(3), 503–519.
Sharp, C., Michonski, J., Steinberg, L., Fowler, J. C., Frueh, B. C., & Oldham, J. M. (2014). An investigation of differential item functioning across gender of BPD criteria. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 123(1), 231–236.
Sansone, R. A., & Sansone, L. A. (2011). Gender patterns in borderline personality disorder. Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience, 8(5), 16–20.
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